Let’s take a look at sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl). Draw what I am describing, and you will see it better. A sodium atom has how many protons? __________ A sodium atom has how many electrons? __________ How many electrons will go in the first shell? __________ How many in the second shell? __________ How many in the third? __________ Now draw this out on the diagram in Figure 2.1, and take a look at it, in particular the third (valence) shell. We know that Na requires eight electrons in its valence shell to become stable. But how many does it have? __________ So, to fill this shell, will it be easier for sodium to steal seven more electrons from another atom, or will it be easier for sodium to give up that one electron and get rid of that third shell? Sodium is simply going to give away that last electron. This means that it will lose an electron (negative charge) but will keep the same number of protons (positive charges). What will the sodium ion’s overall charge be now? _
Answers
A sodium atom has 11 protons and 11 electrons. 2 electrons will go in the first shell, 8 will go in the second shell, and 1 will go in the third shell. Because sodium has 11 electrons, it has one extra in the third shell, making it unstable. It will get rid of that single electron and it’s third shell so it can become stable. After this, there will be more protons than electrons, giving it a positive charge. Hope this helps you and again, the photo holds a lot more detail with some notes and a drawing that can help you. Good luck and stay safe!
Related Questions
The average distance between nitrogen and oxygen atoms is 115 pm in a compound called nitric oxide. What is this distance in millimeters? A) 1.15x 10-8 mm B) 1.15 1013 mm C) 1.15 10-7 mm D) 1.15 x 1017 mm
Answers
Answer:
C) 1.15 × 10⁻⁷ mm
Explanation:
Step 1: Given data
Average distance between nitrogen and oxygen atoms: 115 pm
Step 2: Convert the distance to meters (SI base unit)
We will use the conversion factor 1 m = 10¹² pm.
115 pm × (1 m/10¹² pm) = 1.15 × 10⁻¹⁰ m
Step 3: Convert the distance to millimeters
We will use the conversion factor 1 m = 10³ mm.
1.15 × 10⁻¹⁰ m × (10³ mm/1 m) = 1.15 × 10⁻⁷ mm
What would the force of the Earth on the moon be when the moon is 2.0D from the Earth?
Answers
Answer:
Force, [tex]F=7.3\times 10^{36}\ N[/tex]
Explanation:
We need to find the force of the Earth on the moon be when the moon is 2.0D from the Earth.
The force that act between Earth and the Moon is gravitational force. It is given by :
[tex]F=\dfrac{Gm_1m_2}{r^2}[/tex]
We have,
[tex]m_1=\text{mass of Earth}=5.972 \times 10^{24}\ kg[/tex]
[tex]m_2=\text{mass of Moon}=7.34\times 10^{22}\ kg[/tex]
So,
[tex]F=\dfrac{6.67\times 10^{-11}\times 5.972 \times 10^{24}\times 7.34\times 10^{22}}{(2)^2}\\\\F=7.3\times 10^{36}\ N[/tex]
So, the force of the Earth on the Moon is [tex]7.3\times 10^{36}\ N[/tex].
What circumstances during the French Revolution permitted the metric system to gain a foothold?
Answers
Answer:
The trade was difficult with the old system.
Explanation:
The existing system for the measurement of goods did not work well in the trade because there are different system used by the people of different cities so metric system was used in the whole country in place of the old system of measurement during the French Revolution in order to make the trade easier and quick across the country. This metric system is extensively used in the trade as compared to the old system of measurement due to its easiness and fast.
Help pleaseeee.......
Answers
Answer:
38,000,000 grams0.0043 l6500mm2000cm293KExplanation:
1.
[tex]1000 \:g = \:1\:kilogram\\x \: grams = 38,000\:kilogram\\\\x = 38,000,000 \:grams[/tex]
2.
[tex]1 \:ml =0.001\:l\\4.3\:ml =x\: l\\\\x = 0.0043[/tex]
3.
[tex]1\:m= 1000\:mm\\6.5\:m = x\\\\x = 6500 mm[/tex]
4.
[tex]1\:km = 100,000\:cm \\0.02km = x\:cm\\\\x = 2000\:cm[/tex]
5 .[tex]20\°C = 20+273 \\= 293 K[/tex]
The measurement 0.020 L is the same as?
Answers
Answer:
20 mL
2 cL
Explanation:
We can use the base 10 decimal system to get equivalent measurements:
1 L = 1000 mL
1 L = 100 cL
Soil is a heterogeneous mixture. Which of the following
statements best explains why?
a
It is uniformly mixed, so it has an even composition
throughout
b
The components are chemically bound together in
a disordered shape, so it does not have the same
composition throughout the mixture.
c С
The particles are large enough to see, so it looks
the same throughout.
d
It is unevenly mixed, so it does have the exact
same composition throughout the mixture,
S
Answers
Answer: D
Explanation:
i just took the ck-12 quiz and that was the right answer
The density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL at 200 C. What is the mass of a sample of ethanol, at this temperature, that has a volume of 175.0 mL?
Answers
Answer:
D d
Explanation:
a. When 25.4 and 40.433 are added, the answer should be based on how significant figures or decimal
Answers
Answer:
65.8 and it is shown considering the significant figures of the shortest number.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, when we add 25.4 and 40.433 the result is 65.833, nevertheless, the result is shown based on the initial number having the fewest amount of significant figures that in this case is 25.4 that has three, therefore, the result must be 65.8 and it is shown considering the significant figures of the shortest.
Regards.
Which weak acid would be best to use when preparing a buffer solution with a pH of 9.80?A. An acid with Ka = 7.9 times 10-12.B. An acid with Ka = 2.0 times 10-5.C. An acid with Ka = 2.5 times 10-7.D. An acid with Ka = 1.6 times 10-6.E. An acid with Ka = 2.0 times10-8.F. An acid with Kg = 1.3 times 10-10.
Answers
Answer:
An acid with Kg = 1.3 times 10-10.
Explanation:
The formula for pH of a buffer solution is as follows
pH = pKa + log [ A⁻ ] / [ HA ]
HA is acid concentration and A⁻ is concentration of conjugate base .
Generally the the second term is very small so neglecting this figure
pH = pKa
9.8 = pKa
If Ka = 10⁻¹⁰ x 1.3
pKa = - log ( 10⁻¹⁰ x 1.3 )
= 10 - log 1.3
= 9.8 approx .
Hence option F is correct .
How many liters of plasma are present in 8.5 pints?
Answers
Answer:
there are 4.0205 Litres of plasma in 8.5 pints
Explanation:
Recall that:
1 quart qt = 2 pints pt and 1 quart = 946 mL
∴ two pints will contain 946 mL
and one pint will be = 946 mL/2
= 473 mL
Similarly, 8.5 pints will contain 473 mL × 8.5 = 4020.5 mL
We know that :
1000 mL = 1 Litres
Hence 4020.5 mL = (4020.5 /1000)L
= 4.0205 Litres
Therefore, there are 4.0205 Litres of plasma in 8.5 pints
There are 4.0205 Litres of plasma in 8.5 pints
The calculation is as follows:1 quart qt = 2 pints pt
and
1 quart = 946 mL
So, two pints will contain 946 mL
and one pint will be = [tex]946 mL\div 2[/tex]= 473 mL
Now
8.5 pints will contain
[tex]= 473 mL \times 8.5[/tex]
= 4020.5 mL
We know that :
1000 mL = 1 Litres
Hence 4020.5 mL = (4020.5 /1000)L
= 4.0205 Litres
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What types of compounds are CaCl2, Cu, C2H6, respectively.
Answers
Answer:
Ionic, metal, organic
Explanation:
In this case, we have to analyze each compound:
-) [tex]CaCl_2 [/tex]
In this compound, we have a non-metal atom (Cl) and a metal atom (Ca) . So, we will have a high electronegativity difference between these atoms, With this in mind, we will have an ionic bond. Ions can be produced:
[tex]CaCl_2~->~Ca^+^2~+~2Cl^-[/tex]
The cation would be [tex]Ca^+^2[/tex] and the anion is [tex]Cl^-[/tex]. So, we will have an ionic compound.
-) [tex]Cu[/tex]
In this case, we have a single atom. If we check the periodic table we will find this atom in the transition metals section (in the middle of the periodic table). So, this indicates that Cu (Copper) is a metal.
-) [tex]C_2H_6[/tex]
In this molecule, we have single bonds between carbon and hydrogen. The electronegativity difference between C and H are not high enough to produce ions. So, with this in mind, we will have covalent bonds. This is the main characteristic of organic compounds. (See figure 1)
CaCl₂, Cu, C₂H₆ are ionic, metal, and organic compounds, respectively.
CaCl₂ is formed by a metal (Ca) and a non-metal (Cl). Due to the difference in their electronegativities, they form ionic compounds. These compounds tend to have high melting and boiling points and conduct electricity in aqueous solution.
Cu is a transition metal. It is a good electric and heat conductor, which is why it is used in cables. It also has high melting and boiling points.
C₂H₆ (ethane) is a hydrocarbon, that is, an organic compound (formed by at least C and H). They are bad conductors and have low melting and boiling points.
CaCl₂, Cu, C₂H₆ are ionic, metal, and organic compounds, respectively.
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2.643 grams of potassium butanoate (KCH3(CH2)2CO2 ) is fully dissolved in 50.00 mL of water, which is carefully transferred to a conical flask. Then 100.00 mL of 0.120 M HCℓ is added dropwise to this solution from a burette. Given: Ka(butanoic acid) = 1.5 × 1O−5 . 2.1 Showing all your calculations and reasoning, determine the pH of the solution that results after the addition of all the acid mentioned above.
Answers
Answer:
The pH of the solution is 4.69
Explanation:
Given that,
Mass of potassium = 2.643 grams
Weight of water = 50.00 mL
Weight of HCl=100.00 ml
Mole = 0.120 M
We know that,
[tex]KCH_{3}(CH_{2})_{2}CO_{2}[/tex] is a basic salt.
Let's write it as KY.
The acid [tex]HCH_{3}(CH_{2}CO_{2})[/tex] would become HY.
We need to calculate the moles of KY
Using formula of moles
[tex]moles\ of\ KY=\dfrac{m}{M}\times1000[/tex]
[tex]moles\ of\ KY=\dfrac{2.643}{126}\times1000[/tex]
[tex]moles\ of\ KY=20.97\ m\ mole[/tex]
The reaction is
[tex]KY+HCl\Rightarrow HY+ KCl[/tex]
The number of moles of KY is 20.98 m
initial moles = 20.98
Final moles [tex]m=20.98-0.120\times100= 8.98[/tex]
We need to calculate the value of pKa(HY)
Using formula for pKa(HY)
[tex]pKa_{HY}=-log Ka[/tex]
[tex]pKa_{HY}=-log(1.5\times10^{-5})[/tex]
[tex]pKa_{HY}=4.82[/tex]
We need to calculate the pH of the solution
Using formula of pH
[tex]pH=pKa+log(\dfrac{[KY]}{[KH]})[/tex]
Put the value into the formula
[tex]pH=4.82+log(\dfrac{8.98}{12})[/tex]
[tex]pH=4,69[/tex]
Hence, The pH of the solution is 4.69
Consider 55 mL of water (H2O) in a beaker and 55 mL of acetone |(CHs)2CO in an identical beaker under identical conditions Complete the sentences to explain the relationship between the vapor pressure of water and acetone. Match the words to the appropriate blanks in the sentences.
larger than
more quickly than
the same as
weaker
smaller than
stronger
more slowly than
at the same rate as
1. Water will evaporate______ acetone
2. The vapor pressure of acetone is__________ than that of water at the same temperature.
3. This is because the intermolecular forces between acetone molecules are ___________than those between water molecules.
Answers
Answer:
1. more slowly than
2. larger than
3. weaker
Explanation:
Acetone molecules are bonded by very weak intermolecular forces when compared to that of the hydrogen bond between water molecules. This makes it very easy for acetone molecules to vaporize easily into its gaseous state, much more faster than water molecules (since the acetone molecules need a lesser amount of energy to break these bonds). Also, the boiling point of liquid acetone is much lower than that of water, meaning that it has a higher vapor pressure than that of water.
The most common use of the ammonia manufactured is in A. fertilizers for crops. B. plastics manufacturing. C. household cleaners. D. dyes.
Answers
What is the name of the ionic compound Li3PO4?
Answers
Answer:
lithium phosphate
Explanation:
The name of the given ionic compound is lithium phosphate. The correct option is D.
What is an ionic compound?Ionic compounds are neutral compounds composed of positively charged cations as well as negatively charged anions.
For binary ionic compounds, the identity of the cation is written first, accompanied by the title of the anion.
Ionic compounds are made up of ions that are held together through the force of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
One of the most well-known ionic compounds is common salt. Molecular compounds are made up of discrete molecules that are held together by sharing electrons, a process known as covalent bonding.
Lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) is an ionic compound that is primarily used as a conductive thin-film electrolyte in the fabrication of high performance energy storage devices.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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If 33.6 g of NO and 26.9 g of O₂ react together, what is the mass in grams of NO₂ that can be formed via the reaction below? 2 NO (g) + O₂ (g) → 2 NO₂ (g)
Answers
Answer:
If 33.6 g of NO and 26.9 g of O₂ react together, 51.52 grams of NO₂ can be formed.
Explanation:
You know: 2 NO (g) + O₂ (g) → 2 NO₂ (g)
By stoichiometry of the reaction (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of reagent and product participate in the reaction:
NO: 2 moles O₂: 1 moleNO₂: 2 molesBeing:
N: 14 g/moleO: 16 g/molethe molar mass of the compounds participating in the reaction is:
NO: 14 g/mole + 16 g/mole= 30 g/moleO₂: 2*16 g/mole= 32g/moleNO₂: 14 g/mole + 2*16 g/mole= 46 g/moleThen, by stoichiometry of the reaction, the following amounts of reactant and product participate in the reaction:
NO: 2 moles* 30 g/mole= 60 gO₂: 1 mole* 32g/mole= 32 gNO₂: 2 moles* 46 g/mole= 92 gThe limiting reagent is one that is consumed first in its entirety, determining the amount of product in the reaction. When the limiting reagent is finished, the chemical reaction will stop.
You can apply the following rule of three to determine the limiting reagent: if by stoichiometry 60 g of NO react with 32 g of O₂, 33.6 g of NO with how much mass of O₂ will it react?
[tex]mass of O_{2}=\frac{33.6 grams of NO*32 grams of O_{2} }{60 grams of NO}[/tex]
mass of O₂= 17.92 grams
But 17.92 grams of O₂ are not available, there are 26.9 grams available. Since it has more mass than it needs to react with 33.6 grams of NO, NO will be the limiting reagent.
Then you apply the following rule of three: if by reaction stoichiometry 60 grams of NO form 92 grams of NO₂, 33.6 grams of NO how much mass of NO₂ does it form?
[tex]mass of NO_{2}=\frac{33.6 grams of NO*92 grams of NO_{2} }{60 grams of NO}[/tex]
mass of NO₂= 51.52 grams
If 33.6 g of NO and 26.9 g of O₂ react together, 51.52 grams of NO₂ can be formed.
What mass of aluminum has a total nuclear charge of 1.6 CC? Aluminum has atomic number 13. Suppose the aluminum is all of the isotope with 14 neutrons. slader
Answers
Answer:
aluminium is all of isotope with 14 neutrons .
Fill in the blank to complete each statement.
5. A(n)________ change releases energy.
6. New substances are produced by a(n)______
change.
7._________ is related to the energy of motion of the particles of matter.
8. The law of________ of mass states that in any physical or chemical
change, matter is neither created nor destroyed.
9.______energy naturally flows from warmer matter to cooler matter.
10. The form or appearance of matter is altered during a(n)______ change.
Answers
Answer:
5.physical change
6.chemical change
7.physical change
8.conservation of mass
9.thermal energy
10.physical change
I honeslty dont know if this is right
explanation:
the box's volume is 42cm3 and the mass is 20g what is the density?
Answers
Answer:
0.5g/cm^3
Explanation:
Density = Mass / Volume
Density = 20g / 42cm^3
Density = 0.476g/cm^3
note*: round to the nearest sigfig
Answer is: 0.5g/cm^3
The box's volume is 42cm³ and the mass is 20g then the density is 0.5g/cm³.
What is density ?
The mass of a substance per unit of volume is its density. Density is most frequently represented by the symbol, however the Latin letter D may also be used. Density is calculated mathematically by dividing mass by volume.
How much "stuff" is contained in a specific quantity of space is determined by its density. For instance, a block of the harder, lighter element gold (Au) will be denser than a block of the heavier element lead (Pb) (Au).
Because it enables us to predict which compounds will float and which will sink in a liquid, density is a crucial notion. As long as an object's density is lower than the liquid's density, it will often float.
Density = Mass ÷ Volume
Density = 20g ÷ 42cm³
Density = 0.476g/cm³
= 0.5g/cm³
Thus, the density is 0.5g/cm³.
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At a resting pulse rate of 81 beats per minute, the human heart typically pumps about 65 mL of blood per beat. Blood has a density of 1060 kg/m3. Circulating all of the blood in the body through the heart takes about 1 min for a person at rest.Required:a. How much blood is in the body? b. On average, what mass of blood does the heart pump with each heart beat?
Answers
Answer:
5.265L/body ; 68.9×10³ kg / beat
Explanation:
Given the following :
Resting pulse rate = 81 beats / minute
Amount of blood pumped per beat = 65mL = (65 / 1000)L = 0.65L
Density of blood = 1060 kg/m^3
Circulation time = 1 minute for a person at rest
A.) How much blood is in the body?
Resting pulse rate × amount of blood pumped per beat * circulating time
(81 beat / min) × 0.65L/beat * 1minute / body = 5.265L / body
B.) b. On average, what mass of blood does the heart pump with each heart beat?
0.065L/beat * 1m³/1000L= 0.000065 m³ / beat
From density = mass / volume ;
Average mass = density * volume
= 1060kg/m³ * 0.000065 m³ / beat
= 0.0689kg / beat
= 68.9 × 10³ kg / beat
describethe differences in the ways the sand castle is changed by an ocean wave and by someone stompie on it
Answers
Describe how the Rube Goldberg device design that you created follows the law of conservation of energy. Be sure to include both parts of the law of conservation of energy in your description.
Answers
Answer:
Following are the explanation of the Rube Goldberg device:
Explanation:
According to the Rube Goldberg devices, which conform with "the energy conservation law," choose a chain of events to carry out such a basic task differently, for this unit, a range of instant theatrical resources are converted into possible energy. It is also responsive to an energy conservation law.
It is the unit that produces theatrical power when quartz falls off from the roof. Instead, its marble hits or falls into a plastic bottle, its velocity converted into potential energy which lifts its soda bottle. Its next marble, when the stone came in contact with it, can pass angular momentum to some other marble. Its gravitational force of quartz drops. It has been built into kinetic energy, distributed only to Nando. All energy of every domino becomes passed to another in a domino effect before the last one takes its contraption off because as the mousetrap gets off, all of the stored potential energy is released and the cutters were also removed. Its sequence which binds its puck is cut, which also frees the ballon as well as stores its electricity.Liquid octane (C8H18), a component of gasoline, reacts with gaseous oxygen to form gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor. Write the balanced chemical reaction for this process.
Answers
Answer:
[tex]2C_{8}H_{18 (l)} + 25O_{2 (g)}[/tex] → [tex]16CO_{2(g)} +18H_{2}O_{(l)}[/tex]
Explanation:
123.0 x 12.35 / (0.05 x 6.049) significant figures
Answers
Answer:
123.0*12.35/(0.05*6.049)
first do in small bracket 123.0*12.35/0.30245
and then divide 123.0*40.83319557
and multiply 5022.483055
The weak acid HA is 4 % ionized (dissociated) in a 0.30 M solution. A. What is Ka for this acid?B. What is the pH of this solution?
Answers
Answer:
[tex]Ka=5x10^{-4}[/tex]
[tex]pH=1.92[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, given the percent ionization and the concentration of the acid, one computes the concentration of hydrogen ions as follows:
[tex]\% ionization=\frac{[H^+]}{[HA]}*100\%[/tex]
[tex][H^+]=\frac{\% ionization*[HA]}{100\%} =\frac{4\%*0.30M}{100\%}=0.012M[/tex]
Therefore the Ka is computed by using the equilibrium expression:
[tex]Ka=\frac{[H^+][A^-]}{[HA]} =\frac{0.012M*0.012M}{0.30M-0.012M}\\ \\Ka=5x10^{-4}[/tex]
And the pH:
[tex]pH=-log([H^+])=-log(0.012)\\\\pH=1.92[/tex]
Regards.
What should you do if you spill a chemical on your hand?
Answers
Answer:
You should rinse your head thoroughly ASAP, don't try to blow on the chemical or anything. Its going burn, you have to let your head cool off.
Explanation:
why rinse off your hand? you're getting the fluid away fast, so I can't infect your skin that much.
When 5.00 g of sulfur are combined with 5.00 g of oxygen, 10.00 g of sulfur dioxide (SO2) are formed.What mass of oxygen would be required to convert 4.00 g of sulfur into sulfur trioxide (SO3)?
Answers
Answer:
[tex]m_{O_2}=6gO_2[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, given the reaction:
[tex]2S+3O_2\rightarrow 2SO_3[/tex]
Thus, for 4.00 g of sulfur (atomic mass = 32 g/mol), we apply the shown 2:3 mole ratio with oxygen (molar mass = 32 g/mol) in order to compute its requirement:
[tex]m_{O_2}=4.00gS*\frac{1molS}{32gS}*\frac{3molO_2}{2molS}*\frac{32gO_2}{1molO_2}\\ \\m_{O_2}=6gO_2[/tex]
Best regards.
The mass of oxygen would be required is [tex]6gO_2[/tex]
The calculation is as follows;[tex]= 4.00 \times \frac{1molS}{32gS} \times \frac{3molO_2}{2molS} \times \frac{32gO_2}{1molO_2} \\\\= 6gO_2[/tex]
Here for 4.00 g of sulfur (atomic mass = 32 g/mol), we used the shown 2:3 mole ratio with oxygen (molar mass = 32 g/mol).
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Arrange these compounds by their expected boiling point.Highest boiling pointLowest boiling pointCH3OH, CH3Cl, CH4
Answers
Answer:
CH3OH > CH3Cl > CH4
Explanation:
The boiling point of a compound depends on the nature and magnitude of intermolecular forces acting between its molecules.
Methanol contains the -OH group, hence hydrogen bonds are dominant intermolecular forces in the compound. Presence of hydrogen bonds increases the boiling point of a substance, hence methanol has the highest boiling point followed by chloromethane which has dipole-dipole interaction as dominant intermolecular forces and methane having only weak dispersion forces as dominant intermolecular forces.
A solution is made by dissolving
37.5g of sodium sulfide (Na2S) in
217g of water.
What is the molality of the solution?
Answers
Answer:
THE MOLARITY IS 2.22 MOL/DM3
Explanation:
The solution formed was as a result of dissolving 37.5 g of Na2S in 217 g of water
Relative molecular mass of Na2S = ( 23* 2 + 32) = 78 g/mol
Molarity in g/dm3 is the amount of the substance dissolved in 1000 g or 1 L of the solvent. So we have;
37.5 g of Na2S = 217 g of water
( 37.5 * 1000 / 217 ) g = 1000 g of water
So, 172.81 g/dm3 of the solution
So therefore, molarity in mol/dm3 = mol in g/dm3 / molar mass
Molarity = 172.81 g/dm3 / 78 g/mol
Molarity = 2.22 mol/dm3
The molarity of the solution is 2.22 mol/dm3
Answer:
The answer is 2.22mol
Explanation:
A silver ring has a mass of 138.45 g. How many calories of heat are required to increase the
temperature from 11.8 °C to 162.5 °C?
Answers
Answer:
150.7
Explanation:
162.5 - 11.8 = 150.7