1. The equation for the aggregate expenditure curve is AE = 30 + 0.5Y.
2. The equilibrium level of expenditure is 60.
3. The equilibrium level of consumption expenditure is 50.
4. The Autonomous Expenditure is 30 and Induced Expenditure is 0.7 × Y
5. The new equilibrium aggregate expenditure is 20, when the exports changed by 40.
1. The equation for the aggregate expenditure curve:
AE = C + I + G + X - M
The aggregate expenditure equation has four components, which are consumption expenditure, investment, government purchases, and net exports. So,
AE = 8 + 0.7Y + 5 + 7 + 10 - 0.2Y
AE = 30 + 0.5Y
2. The equilibrium level of expenditure:
The equilibrium level of expenditure is achieved when the aggregate expenditure is equal to the real GDP.
The formula for the equilibrium level of expenditure is:
AE = Y
Equating the formulae of AE and Y, we get,
30 + 0.5Y = YY = 60
Therefore, the equilibrium level of expenditure is 60.
3. The equilibrium level of consumption expenditure:
Substituting the value of Y in the consumption expenditure formula, we get
C = 8 + 0.7 x 60
C = 8 + 42
C = 50
Therefore, the equilibrium level of consumption expenditure is 50.
4. Autonomous expenditure: The part of expenditure that does not vary with changes in national income is called autonomous expenditure. Autonomous expenditure can be calculated by analyzing the aggregate expenditure formula.
Autonomous expenditure = intercept of AE curve
Autonomous expenditure = 30
Induced expenditure: The expenditure that varies with changes in national income is called induced expenditure. The induced expenditure can be calculated by analyzing the consumption expenditure formula.
Induced expenditure = MPC × Y
Induced expenditure = 0.7 × Y
5. When exports changed by 40:
Given, X = 10 ∴ M = 0.2Y ∴ X - M = 10 - 0.2Y
Now, if X increased by 40, the new value of X would be X' = 10 + 40 = 50.
New AE = C + I + G + X' - M
= 8 + 0.7Y + 5 + 7 + 50 - 0.2Y
= 70 + 0.5Y.
New equilibrium level of expenditure = Y'AE = Y' => 70 + 0.5Y' = Y' => Y' = 140
The new equilibrium level of expenditure would be 140.6. If the imports increased by 20:
Given, X = 10
∴ M = 0.2Y
∴ X - M = 10 - 0.2Y
If imports increased by 20, the new value of M would be M' = 0.2Y + 20.
New AE = C + I + G + X - M' = 8 + 0.7Y + 5 + 7 + 10 - (0.2Y + 20) = 10 + 0.5Y
New equilibrium level of expenditure = Y'AE = Y' => 10 + 0.5Y' = Y' => Y' = 20
Therefore, the new equilibrium level of expenditure would be 20.
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Psalm Enterprises owns 90% of the outstanding voting stock of Solomon Siding, which was purchased at a cost equal to 90% of the book value of Solomon's net assets many years ago. (At the time of purchase, the fair value and book value of Solomon's net assets were equal.) Psalm purchases merchandise from Solomon at 110% above Solomon's cost. In 20X4, intercompany sales from Solomon to Psalm amounted to $362,000. Unrealized profits in Psalm's December 31, 20X3 inventory and December 31, 20X4 inventory were $82,000 and $26,000, respectively, Solomon reported net income of $980,000 for 20X4. What is P's Income from S in 20X4?
Psalm Enterprises' income from Solomon Siding in 20X4 is $208,800, Psalm Enterprises' income from Solomon Siding in 20X4 is $811,620.
It is important to note that companies that own the majority of another company's voting stock are classified as parent companies, and the company that is owned is classified as a subsidiary.
Intercompany transactions are transactions that occur between two or more entities belonging to the same parent company. An intercompany transaction involves a transfer of goods or services from one subsidiary to another subsidiary or a transfer of money from one subsidiary to another subsidiary.
The following are some of the examples of intercompany transactions:Transfer of goods or services from one subsidiary to another subsidiary.Payment of dividends to the parent company from the subsidiary.Loans or advances provided by the parent company to the subsidiary.Profit margin is the difference between the cost of goods sold and the selling price. A parent company is expected to sell to its subsidiary at a reasonable price. Psalm purchased merchandise from Solomon at 110% above Solomon's cost.
Let's find out the intercompany profit:
Intercompany profit = $362,000 * 0.10 = $36,200
Unrealized profit arises when a subsidiary sells inventory to the parent company above its original cost.
The unrealized profit included in the parent company's December 31, 20X3, and December 31, 20X4 inventory are $82,000 and $26,000, respectively.
To find out the unrealized profit in the current year, we need to subtract the previous year's unrealized profit from the current year's unrealized profit.
Unrealized profit in 20X4 = $26,000 - $82,000
= -$56,000 (negative value)
Solomon's reported net income is $980,000, of which $36,200 is an intercompany profit.
The parent company (Psalm) needs to adjust its share of the subsidiary's net income to exclude intercompany profits and any unrealized profits.
Psalms's share of net income from Solomon = (90% * $980,000) - $36,200 - (-$56,000)
Psalms's share of net income from Solomon = $882,000 - $36,200 + $56,000
Psalms's share of net income from Solomon = $901,800
The parent company's share of income from its subsidiary is $901,800.
Now, we need to find out the income from Solomon for Psalm Enterprises.
P's Income from S in 20X4 = 90% * $901,800
P's Income from S in 20X4 = $811,620
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Bramble Company sells automatic can openers under a 75-day warranty for defective merchandise. Based on past experier Bramble estimates that 4% of the units sold will become defective during the warranty period. Management estimates that average cost of replacing or repairing a defective unit is $20. The units sold and units defective that occurred during the las of 2022 are as follows. Month November December (a) Units Sold 36,800 38,800 Units Defective Prior to December 31 Your answer is partially correct. 736 485 Your answer is partially correct. Prepare the journal entry to record the costs incurred in honoring 1,221 warranty claims. (Assume actual costs of $24,420.) (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not Indent manually) Account Titles and Explanation Warranty Expense Warranty Liability eTextbook and Media List of Accounts Save for Later 82°F Sunny, Debit Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.) Account Titles and Explanation Warranty Liability Repair Parts eTextbook and Media 82°F Sunny, Debit hp Credit automatically Indented when amount is entered. Do not Indent manually.) Account Titles and Explanation eTextbook and Media List of Accounts 82 F Sunny, Debit hp Credit
The following is the journal entry to document the expenses incurred in honouring 1,221 warranty claims:
Cost of the warranty: $24,420
Liability for Warranties: $24,420
What journal entry should be made to honour warranty claims?When a business honours warranty claims, it must take the related expenses into consideration. In this instance, Bramble Company predicts that 4% of the sold units will have defects while under warranty. The typical price to replace or fix a broken item is $20.
Bramble sold 36,800 units in November and 38,800 units in December, according to these projections. 736 faulty units were found up until December 31.
The journal entry includes a debit to Warranty Expense for the actual costs of $24,420 in order to account for the expenses paid in honouring 1,221 warranty claims.
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On December 31, 2021, the following data were accumulated to prepare adjusting entries for Kingsway Realty:
a. Fees accrued but unbilled on December 31 are 4,900.
b. The Supplies account balance on Dec 31 is $3,975.
c. The supplies on hand at Dec 31 are $1,050. Wages accrued but not paid at Dec 31 are $ 2,500.
d. Amortization of office equipment is $ 1,100.
Required: Journalize adjusting entries.
Data were accumulated to prepare adjusting entries for Kingsway Realty is Amortization of office equipment is $ 1,100.(option d)
Here are the adjusting entries for Kingsway Realty as of December 31, 2021:
a. Accrued Fees for $4,900 are recognized but not invoiced at December 31.DateAccounts DebitCreditDec. 31Accounts receivable$4,900Service revenue$4,900
b. Supplies worth $3,975 was bought, of which $1,050 was left on December 31. Hence, $2,925 of supplies was used up.DateAccounts DebitCreditDec. 31Supplies expense$2,925Supplies$2,925
c. Accrued Wages worth $2,500 were not paid by December 31.DateAccounts DebitCreditDec. 31Wages expense$2,500Wages payable$2,500
d. Amortization of Office Equipment is $1,100.DateAccounts DebitCreditDec. 31Depreciation expense - Office Equipment$1,100Accumulated depreciation - Office Equipment$1,100
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You are asked to provide your own analysis of the RBA’s May 2022
Monetary Policy decision.
As part of this analysis, ensure that you include and focus on
the following:
The reasons for the RBA’s
The RBA's May 2022 Monetary Policy decision, I cannot provide a specific explanation of that particular decision.
In general, when a central bank like the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) makes a monetary policy decision, it considers various economic factors and indicators to determine the appropriate course of action. Some key factors that central banks typically assess include inflation levels, employment data, economic growth, exchange rates, and financial market conditions.
Based on this information, the central bank may decide to adjust interest rates, implement quantitative easing measures, or use other tools to manage the money supply and influence economic conditions. The specific reasons for the RBA's decision in May 2022 would depend on the economic situation at that time and the goals of the central bank.
To understand the RBA's May 2022 Monetary Policy decision and its underlying rationale, I would recommend referring to official statements or reports from the Reserve Bank of Australia itself. These sources will provide a more accurate and detailed explanation of the specific factors and considerations that influenced the decision.
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Can anybody please solve this as soon as possible.
On January 1, 2022, Antarctic Air Inc. enters a seven-year, non-cancellable lease agreement to lease an airplane to Penguin Airlines, with payments required at the end of each year. The following info
On January 1, 2022, Antarctic Air Inc. enters a seven-year, non-cancelled lease agreement to lease an airplane to Penguin Airlines, with payments required at the end of each year. The agreement specifies an annual lease payment of $65,000 and requires the lessee to pay all maintenance, insurance, and taxes costs during the lease term.
The aircraft has a fair value of $300,000, an expected life of seven years, and no residual value. Antarctic Air has an implicit interest rate of 8%, which is known to Penguin Airlines.The present value of the lease payment can be calculated as the present value of the annual lease payment for seven years using the implicit interest rate of 8 percent. The present value factor for an annuity of 1 for seven years at 8 percent is 5.747. Thus, the present value of the lease payments is $65,000 × 5.747, or $373,055.The lease receivable, which is the present value of the lease payments, should be reported on Antarctic Air's balance sheet. The lease payment of $65,000 is income to Antarctic Air, and it is recognized as such at the end of each year.The following journal entries would be made by Antarctic Air Inc. during the first year:Lease receivable..............$373,055Lease asset.....................$300,000Lease liability....................$73,055Cash................................$0The lease liability of $73,055 represents the present value of the lease payment and will be reduced over the term of the lease as lease payments are made. Antarctic Air Inc. must recognize interest income on the lease receivable, which is equal to the implicit interest rate times the carrying value of the lease receivable.For such more question on lease payments
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Question 5 4 pts Beyond miscellaneous mixed shipments which are primarily composed of different types of goods shipped in containers, which commodity accounted for the highest number of railcar loads
The commodity that accounted for the highest number of railcar loads, besides miscellaneous mixed shipments, is coal.
A commodity is any good that is produced to meet a demand. Goods such as metals, minerals, fuel, and other items that are generally sold in bulk and that are used in the production of other goods are known as commodities. Agricultural commodities, such as grains, livestock, and dairy products, are also included in the category of commodities.
By offering training to workers whose firms laid them off because of competition from foreign firms, the federal government is attempting to reduce the vulnerability of workers as a commodity in the labor market. The aim is to enhance their skills and knowledge, making them more valuable and less interchangeable. This reduces the risk of workers being treated solely as replaceable commodities and increases their potential for better job prospects and economic security.
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On January 1, Kennard Corp. had 3 million shares of common stock and 310,000 shares of preferred stock outstanding. On May 1, Kennard repurchased 540,000 shares of common stock for cash. On October 1, Kennard issued a 3-for-1 stock split on its common stock.
During the year, Kennard reported $39 million of net income and in December paid dividends of $0.49 per common share and $5.00 per preferred share.
What is Kennard's basic earnings per share?
When, Kennard reported $39 million of net income and in December paid dividends of $0.49 per common share and $5.00 per preferred share. Then, the Kennard Corp.'s basic earnings per share (EPS) is $14.77.
To calculate Kennard Corp.'s basic earnings per share (EPS), we need to consider the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year.
Calculate the weighted average number of common shares before the share repurchase;
Shares outstanding on January 1 = 3,000,000
Shares repurchased on May 1 = 540,000
Shares outstanding after repurchase = 3,000,000 - 540,000 = 2,460,000
The weighted average number of common shares before the share repurchase is 3,000,000.
Calculate the weighted average number of common shares after the stock split:
After the 3-for-1 stock split, the number of common shares is multiplied by 3.
Weighted average number of common shares after the stock split = Weighted average number of common shares before the split × Stock split factor
Weighted average number of common shares after the stock split = 3,000,000 × 3
Weighted average number of common shares after the stock split = 9,000,000
Calculate the weighted average number of common shares considering the share repurchase and stock split:
Weighted average number of common shares = (Shares before repurchase × Months before repurchase + Shares after repurchase × Months after repurchase) ÷ Total months
Assuming there are 12 months in a year, let's calculate;
Weighted average number of common shares = (3,000,000 × 4 + 2,460,000 × 8) ÷ 12
Weighted average number of common shares = (12,000,000 + 19,680,000) ÷ 12
Weighted average number of common shares = 31,680,000 ÷ 12
Weighted average number of common shares = 2,640,000
Calculate the basic earnings per share;
Net Income = $39,000,000
Basic EPS = Net Income / Weighted Average Number of Common Shares
Basic EPS = $39,000,000 / 2,640,000
Basic EPS = $14.77
Therefore, Kennard Corp.'s basic earnings per share (EPS) is $14.77.
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Suppose the saving rate for a low-income country is given. If produc¬tion becomes less capital intensive, the ICOR will ________ and the growth rate will _________.
Suppose the saving rate for a low-income country is given. If production becomes less capital-intensive, the ICOR will decline and the growth rate will increase.
ICOR refers to the Incremental Capital-Output Ratio, which is a measure of an economy's performance. The quantity of investment required to achieve a given increment in GDP is measured by ICOR. When the economy grows quickly and efficiently, it implies that it has a low ICOR value.Suppose the saving rate for a low-income country is given. If the production becomes less capital intensive, the ICOR will decline, indicating that a smaller amount of capital is required for each unit of production. As a result, it will require less investment to produce an additional unit of output, and the economy's growth rate will increase accordingly.Less capital-intensive production implies that there will be more labor-intensive production. As a result, less capital will be required, resulting in a decrease in ICOR. A decrease in ICOR indicates an increase in capital productivity, which translates to a higher growth rate. Hence, the growth rate will increase when the ICOR will decline when the production becomes less capital-intensive.
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1. [4 points] List, but do not describe, main forms of operating systems process management. 1. 2. 3. 4. 2. [6 points] Describe hierarchy of data 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
1. The main forms of operating system process management are Operating systems perform a variety of functions. The primary objective of an operating system is to manage the hardware and software resources of a computer. Operating systems provide an interface
between the user and the hardware of the computer. Following are the main forms of operating system process management Process Scheduling Thread Scheduling Synchronization Deadlock handling Memory Management2. Hierarchy of Data1. bit is the smallest and fundamental unit of digital information. It can only contain either 0 or 1. It is used to represent simple states of on or off. 2. Byte A byte is a sequence of eight bits. It is used to represent data in a computer system.
It is the smallest addressable memory size in most computer architectures. 3. FieldA field is a data element that contains a value that is part of a record or group of records. It contains a specific piece of data within the record. 4. RecordA record is a collection of fields that make up a complete set of data. Each record contains different data elements. 5. FileA file is a collection of related records that are stored on a storage device. It can be a text file, a picture file, or an audio file. 6. DatabaseA database is a collection of files that are stored in a computer system. It can be used to store and organize large amounts of data. These are the main answers to the two questions that you have asked.
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A company with 100,000 authorized shares of $4 par common stock issued 50,000 shares at $8. Subsequently, the company declared a 2% stock dividend on a date when the market price was $13 per share. What is the number of new shares to be issued as a result of the stock dividend?
The number of new shares to be issued as a result of the stock dividend is 1,000 shares.
Stock dividends are declared when a company needs to issue additional shares of its stock in order to increase the number of shares that are available to its investors. This can be done for a variety of reasons, such as to raise additional capital for expansion or to reward investors who have held onto their shares for an extended period of time.In this case, a company with 100,000 authorized shares of $4 par common stock issued 50,000 shares at $8.
Subsequently, the company declared a 2% stock dividend on a date when the market price was $13 per share. So, let's break down what this means:The company has authorized 100,000 shares of its stock, but has only issued 50,000 of those shares.
The shares were issued at $8 per share, which means that the company raised $400,000 from the sale of those shares.A 2% stock dividend means that the company will issue additional shares of its stock equal to 2% of the outstanding shares.
In this case, the company has 50,000 outstanding shares (since that's how many shares it has issued), so a 2% stock dividend would be 1,000 shares (which is 2% of 50,000 shares).The market price of the company's stock at the time the dividend was declared was $13 per share.
This means that the total value of the stock dividend (based on the number of new shares that will be issued) is $13,000 ($13 per share x 1,000 shares).So, in summary, the number of new shares to be issued as a result of the stock dividend is 1,000 shares.
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Suppose the spread of a particular bond, S, based on the past 200 trading days is distributed normally with a mean of 0.02% and a standard deviation of 0.02%. We define the spread of a bond on a particular day to be S = M – T where M is the yield to maturity used by the market on that day and T is the yield to maturity we believe should be used to price the bond
Also we define U =
respectively.
S
m
where m and o are the mean and standard deviation of S
20
-
What is the significance of S having a positive mean?
(b) How do you interpret the standard deviation of S?
(c) What is the significance of 2 appearing in the denominator of U?
(d) Suppose today the bond’s spread is 0.07%. Is the bond considered cheap or expensive? Suppose tomorrow the spread is -0.01%. Is the bond considered cheap or expensive?
(e) What risks are there in implementing rich-cheap analysis? How are these
overcome in practice in the implementation of the strategy?
S having a positive mean indicates that the yield to maturity used by the market is higher than the yield to maturity we believe should be used to price the bond. The mean of S being positive means that the bond is overvalued by the market.
The bond is considered expensive in the market. The rich-cheap analysis is used to determine whether the bond is overvalued or undervalued by the market. The rich-cheap analysis is calculated by taking the difference between the yield to maturity used by the market and the yield to maturity that should be used to price the bond.
The standard deviation of S represents the degree of variability in the spread of the bond. It measures the dispersion of S from its mean. A large standard deviation implies a large range of values for the spread. The larger the spread, the more volatile the bond is, which indicates a higher level of risk. A small standard deviation indicates a low degree of variability and a low level of risk.
The significance of 2 appearing in the denominator of U is that it normalizes the spread. Normalization is the process of transforming data into a common scale so that it can be compared. The bond is considered cheap if the spread is greater than the mean minus two times the standard deviation, and it is considered expensive if the spread is less than the mean plus two times the standard deviation.
The bond's spread is 0.07% today, which is higher than the mean plus two times the standard deviation, indicating that the bond is considered expensive. The bond's spread is -0.01% tomorrow, which is less than the mean minus two times the standard deviation, indicating that the bond is considered cheap.
S having a positive mean indicates that the bond is overvalued in the market. The standard deviation of S represents the degree of variability in the spread of the bond, which measures the dispersion of S from its mean. The normalization process is done to compare the data, and the value 2 in the denominator of U represents the normalization of the spread. The bond is considered cheap or expensive based on the spread. There are risks in implementing rich-cheap analysis, which include market risks, credit risks, and liquidity risks. These risks can be overcome by diversifying the portfolio, analyzing the bond's fundamentals, and monitoring the market conditions.
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Given, Spread of a particular bond, S, based on the past 200 trading days is distributed normally with a mean of 0.02% and a standard deviation of 0.02%.S = M – T where M is the yield to maturity used by the market on that day and T is the yield to maturity we believe should be used to price the bond
Also, U = (S-m)/o, where m and o are the mean and standard deviation of S.
(a) Positive mean of S means that the market is demanding a higher yield to maturity than the bond's true yield to maturity. It suggests that the bond is relatively cheap in the market. This is significant because investors can benefit from such an opportunity.
(b) The standard deviation of S represents the amount of spread of the yield around the average spread. A large standard deviation implies that the spread varies widely around the mean, indicating higher risk, while a small standard deviation implies that the spread is less volatile and has lower risk.
(c) U measures the number of standard deviations that S is from the mean spread. It shows how far from the mean the bond spread is, in units of standard deviation. Thus, having 2 in the denominator of U normalizes U with respect to the standard deviation of S.(d) If today the bond's spread is 0.07%, then it is more expensive because the spread is greater than the mean spread of 0.02%. However, if tomorrow the spread is -0.01%, then it is cheap because the spread is lower than the mean spread.
(e) The risks involved in implementing rich-cheap analysis include the risk of human bias, incorrect estimates of future cash flows, incorrect yield curve assumptions, and the risk of ignoring factors that may impact the bond's price in the future. However, these risks can be overcome in practice by reducing reliance on subjective inputs, continuous monitoring of market conditions, and using alternative metrics for identifying mispriced bonds.
Thus, the bond is cheap if its spread is greater than the mean spread and expensive if the spread is lower than the mean spread. The risks of implementing rich-cheap analysis can be overcome by reducing human bias, continuous monitoring of market conditions, and using alternative metrics.
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FILL THE BLANK. "KINDLY SELECT ONE CORRECT ANSWER FROM EACH MCQ AND
EXPLAIN IT.
1-The economy _________ refers to the amount of unemployment
that the economy normally experiences.
The natural rate of unemploymen"
The natural rate of unemployment refers to the amount of unemployment that the economy normally experiences. What is unemployment? Unemployment is a situation where individuals who are able and willing to work and actively seeking employment are unable to find employment.
Unemployment can be a significant factor in the economy, leading to reduced production and demand for goods and services. The natural rate of unemployment, as stated, refers to the amount of unemployment that the economy typically experiences. In most economies, some amount of unemployment is expected at any given time. The natural rate of unemployment is the average rate of unemployment that persists over the long run.
The natural rate of unemployment can be affected by various factors, including demographics, economic policies, and technological advancements. When the actual unemployment rate exceeds the natural rate of unemployment, it is said to be a cyclical unemployment caused by a downturn in economic activity. When the actual unemployment rate falls below the natural rate of unemployment, it is referred to as a cyclical unemployment caused by an upswing in economic activity.
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a trader commenced business on 01/01/20x1 with $ 12,000 represented by 6,000units of a certain
product at$ 2 per unit. during the year 20x1 he sold these units at$ 3 per unit and had withdrawn
$ 6,000. let us assume that the price of the product at the end of year is $ 2.50 per unit. in other
words, the specific price index applicable to the product is 125.
current cost of opening stock = ($ 12,000 / 100) x 125 = 6,000 x $ 2.50 = $ 15,000
current cost of closing cash = $ 12,000 ($ 18,000 – $ 6,000)
opening equity at closing current costs = $ 15,000
closing equity at closing current costs = $ 12,000
retained profit = $ 12,000 – $ 15,000 = (-) $ 3,000
the negative retained profit indicates that the trader has failed to maintain his capital. the
available fund of$ 12,000 is not sufficient to buy 6,000 units again at increased price of $ 2.50 per
unit. the drawings should have been restricted to $ 3,000($ 6,000 – $ 3,000). had the trader
withdrawn $ 3,000 instead of $ 6,000, he would have left with $15,000, the fund required to buy
6,000 units at $ 2.50 per unit. you are required to compute the capital maintenance under all three
Capital maintenance refers to a financial reporting principle that determines how a company can keep its value intact over time.
There are three types of capital maintenance, including physical capital maintenance, financial capital maintenance in nominal monetary units, and financial capital maintenance in units of constant purchasing power.Physical capital maintenance refers to the procedure of preserving the company's capital base in terms of productive capacity. The physical capital maintenance principle recommends that a firm's net income should be equal to the net inflow of physical assets. The purpose of physical capital maintenance is to ensure that a business's productive capacity remains intact. The formula for physical capital maintenance is:Net income = Ending physical capital – Beginning physical capital + capital injections - distributions.The formula for physical capital maintenance can be used in the following scenario:A trader started a company with $12,000 in opening stock at $2 per unit, with 6,000 units of a certain product, on January 1, 20x1. He sold these units for $3 each during 20x1 and withdrew $6,000. At the end of the year, let's assume that the product's price is $2.50 per unit. The applicable specific price index for the product is 125. Determine the capital maintenance under all three methods.The current cost of opening stock = ($12,000 / 100) x 125 = 6,000 x $2.50 = $15,000Current cost of closing stock = $12,000 ($18,000 – $6,000)Opening equity at closing current costs = $15,000 Closing equity at closing current costs = $12,000; Retained profit = $12,000 – $15,000 = (-) $3,000. The negative retained profit shows that the trader was unable to maintain his capital. Therefore, the available fund of $12,000 is insufficient to buy 6,000 units again at an increased price of $2.50 per unit.The drawings should have been limited to $3,000 ($6,000 – $3,000). If the trader had withdrawn $3,000 instead of $6,000, he would have been left with $15,000, which is the fund needed to buy 6,000 units at $2.50 per unit.
Hence, the capital maintenance under all three methods will be Physical Capital Maintenance = (6000 x $2.50) - (6000 x $2) = $6,000 - $12,000 = $-6,000Financial Capital Maintenance in Units of Constant Purchasing Power = (6000 x $2.50) - (6000 x $2) = $6,000 - $12,000 = $-6,000.
Financial Capital Maintenance in Nominal Monetary Units = 0 as per the given information.
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Marcus Ziegler is a consultant specialist for an electronic components firm based in Germany. He was given the responsibility by his employer to negotiate with the Melaka state government regarding the various facilities and incentives offered. Among the offers provided are an industrial site in the Ayer Keroh Industrial Zone, manpower services, and other infrastructure facilities. The industrial site can either be rented for an amount of RM20,000 a month or can be purchased for RM4 million. Concurrently, a glove company from Japan, namely Matsushi Corporation is also interested in the offers provided by the state government. The company, which is represented by their consultant, Michiko Ogata, is willing to purchase the industrial site for the price of RM6 million. Given the situation described, by applying the 'lose-win' strategy in Negotiation Skills, explain what action can Ziegler takes if Ogata is willing to offer the price from RM6 million to RM10 million. Is it worth for him to compete with Ogata in that condition? Justify your answers and provide relevant examples. (15 marks)
The lose-win strategy is one of the four negotiation skills strategies. This strategy involves giving in on small and unimportant issues to gain advantages on critical matters. Marcus Ziegler's goal is to negotiate with the Melaka state government for the facilities and incentives provided.
Michiko Ogata's representative for Mitsubishi Corporation is interested in purchasing the industrial site at RM6 million. If Michiko Ogata offers a higher price of RM10 million than the original asking price of RM4 million, Marcus Ziegler, the consultant specialist of the electronic components firm, should consider competing for the offer. It's because both companies might be willing to purchase the land at a higher price.
In other words, Marcus Ziegler should use the "lose-win" strategy to his advantage by agreeing to the RM10 million price while seeking more benefits or facilities for his firm to offset the higher price. To obtain more benefits or facilities, Ziegler can take advantage of Matsushi Corporation's eagerness to buy the land. Ziegler can negotiate with the Melaka state government to provide more attractive incentives and facilities.
For example, Ziegler can demand a larger industrial site, better infrastructure, or more favorable payment terms. Thus, Ziegler's company could accept the RM10 million offer, obtain more incentives and facilities, and increase its profitability.
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d of its first year of operation, Dell Corporation has $500,000 of common stock and net income of $100,000. What is the closing e olbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac).
At the end of a company’s accounting period, a closing entry is made in the general journal to transfer the net income or loss to the owner’s equity account.
At the end of its first year of operation, what would be the closing entry for Dell Corporation given that it has $500,000 of common stock and a net income of $100,000?
The purpose of this entry is to reset the balances of the temporary accounts (such as revenues and expenses) to zero so that they are ready to record the transactions of the next accounting period.
The closing entry also adjusts the balance of the owner's equity account to reflect the current year's earnings.
The closing entry for Dell Corporation at the end of its first year of operation would be as follows: Debit Income Summary: $100,000Credit Retained Earnings: $100,000Debit Retained Earnings: $500,000Credit Common Stock: $500,000
The entry debits income summary and credits retained earnings because net income for the period has to be transferred to the owner's equity account, which is retained earnings.
The debit and credit amounts are the same because net income and retained earnings are both part of the owner’s equity section of the balance sheet. The last part of the entry debits retained earnings for the amount of common stock issued and credits common stock.
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Which of the following two are correct when double-entry accounting journal entries are used to record what is exchanged in a transaction? (Check all that apply)
a. The amount received is recorded with a credit
b. The amount received is recorded with a debit
c. The amount given is recorded with a debit
d. The amount given is recorded with a credit
When double-entry accounting journal entries are utilized to document what is traded in a transaction, the amounts received and provided are correctly recorded with a debit and credit, respectively. B and D are the correct options in the question.
A key principle underlying modern bookkeeping and accounting is double entry, which argues that each financial transaction have equal and opposing consequences in at least two independent accounts. B and D are the correct options.
Transactions in the double-entry method are recorded as debits and credits. The total of all debits and credits must equal one another since a credit in one account cancels out a debit in another. The double-entry bookkeeping system standardizes the accounting procedure and enhances the precision of generated financial statements, enabling enhanced mistake identification. The double entry system requires debits and credits in order to function. In the world of accounting, a debit is an entry at the left side of an account ledger, while a credit is an entry on the right side.
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Carrie has already saved $14,950 in her investment account today and she plans to continue to add on equal deposits at the end of every three months for the next 11 years. What quarterly payment is required to accumulate $45,000 in total at the end of the 11 years if the nominal rate of return on the investment is 4.3% compounded annually? Enter the future value as a positive value in the FV box below. Enter PV and PMT as positive or negative values based on FV being positive. Report PMT accurate to the nearest cent. P/Y = C/Y = N= I/Y = PV = $
To calculate the quarterly payment required to accumulate $45,000 in total at the end of 11 years, we can use the future value of an ordinary annuity formula:
FV = PV * (1 + r)^n + PMT * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / rWhere:
FV = Future value ($45,000)PV = Present value ($14,950)r = Nominal interest rate per period (quarterly rate = 4.3% / 4 = 1.075% or 0.01075)n = Number of periods (11 years * 4 quarters per year = 44)We need to solve for PMT.
Plugging in the values, we have:
$45,000 = $14,950 * (1 + 0.01075)^44 + PMT * [(1 + 0.01075)^44 - 1] / 0.01075Simplifying the equation and solving for PMT:
$45,000 - $14,950 * (1 + 0.01075)^44 = PMT * [(1 + 0.01075)^44 - 1] / 0.01075$30,050 = PMT * [(1.01075)^44 - 1] / 0.01075PMT = $30,050 * 0.01075 / [(1.01075)^44 - 1]PMT ≈ $314.06 (rounded to the nearest cent)Therefore, Carrie would need to make quarterly payments of approximately $314.06 to accumulate $45,000 in total at the end of 11 years.
About PaymentPayment is the voluntary surrender of money or an equivalent or something of value by one party to another in exchange for goods or services provided by them or to fulfill a legal obligation.
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need help please.
Fields Company has two manufacturing departments, forming and painting. The company uses the weighted averag method and it reports the following unit data for the Forming department. Units completed i
For the forming branch of Fields Company:
a. The equal gadgets of production for Direct = 325,000 equal gadgets and Conversion = 355,000 equivalent units
b. The charges per equivalent unit of manufacturing for Direct Materials is $6.73 in step with equal units and Conversion $6.16 in line with equal unit
c. Using the weighted average method, Units transferred to painting: Units finished and transferred out (295,000 devices) * Costs consistent with equal units (direct substances and conversion) and Ending paintings in method stock: Ending WIP (30,000 devices) * Costs according to the equivalent unit (direct materials and conversion)
a. To calculate the equivalent gadgets of manufacturing for both direct materials and conversion for the forming branch:
Equivalent devices of direct substances:
Beginning work in method (25,000 gadgets) × Direct substances of entirety percent (60%) = 15,000 equivalent gadgets
Units began this period (300,000 gadgets) = three hundred,000 equal units
Total equal gadgets of direct substances = 15,000 + 300,000 = 315,000 equal units
Equivalent gadgets of conversion:
Beginning work in method (25,000 devices) × Conversion completion percentage (forty%) = 10,000 equal devices
Units started this era (three hundred,000 units) = 300,000 equivalent units
Ending work in technique (30,000 gadgets) × Conversion of entirety percent (eighty%) = 24,000 equal units
Total equal units of conversion = 10,000 + 300,000 + 24,000 = 334,000 equal gadgets
b. To calculate the charges in line with an equivalent unit of production for each direct substance and conversion for the forming department:
Cost per equal unit of direct materials:
Total fees to account for direct materials ($1,231,200) / Equivalent units of direct materials (315,000) = $3.91 in step with equal unit
Cost consistent with equivalent unit of conversion:
Total charges to account for conversion ($896,700) / Equivalent devices of conversion (334,000) = $2.68 consistent with the equal unit
c. Using the weighted average approach, prices may be assigned as follows:
The cost assigned to units transferred to painting:
Units transferred to painting (295,000 devices) × (Cost consistent with equivalent unit of direct materials + Cost consistent with equivalent unit of conversion)
The cost assigned to ending paintings in technique:
Ending work in the manner (30,000 devices) × (Cost in line with an equal unit of direct materials + Cost per equal unit of conversion)
The particular values for the cost per equal unit and the ensuing fee assignments might require extra data now not provided within the given information.
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The correct question is:
Excel Online Structured Activity: Cash conversion cycle Chastain Corporation is trying to determine the effect of its inventory turnover ratio and days sales outstanding (DSO) on its cash conversion cycle. Chastain's 2016 sales (all on credit) were $218000; its cost of goods sold is 80% of sales, and it earned a net profit of 7%, or $15260. It turned over its inventory 5 times during the year, and its DSO was 38.5 days. The firm had fixed assets totaling $49000, Chastain's payables deferral period is 40 days. Assume 365 days in year for your calculations. The data has been collected in the Microsoft Excel Online file below. Open the spreadsheet and perform the required analysis to answer the questions below. X1 Open spreadsheet a. Calculate Chastain's cash conversion cycle. Round your answer to two decimal not round intermediate calculations. days its total assets turnover and ROA Round your answers to two decimal b. Assuming Chastain holds negligible amounts of cash and places. Do not round intermediate calculations Total assets turnover ROA c. Suppose Chastain's managers believe that the inventory turnover can be raised to 9.1 times. What would Chastain's cash conversion cyde, total assets turnover, and ROA have been if the inventory turnover had been 9.1 for 20167 Round your answers to two decimal places. Do not round intermediate calculations. Cash conversion cycle Total assets turnover ROA Format Painter Clipboard Undo M23 D 1 Cash conversion cycle $218,000 80.00% 7.00% 5 6 Sales Cost of good sold % Net profit margin Original Inventory turnover ratio DSO Fored assets Payables deferral period 5.0 38.5 $49.000 00 Formulas Calculate inventory conversion period: 12. Inventory 13 Inventory conversion period (days) 15 Calculate cash conversion cycle: 16 Cash conversion cycle (days) 18 Calculate total assets turnover: 19 Accounts receivable 20 Total assets 21 Total assets tumover 23 Calculate return on assets: 24 Net income 25 Return on assets (ROA) AWWWWYWWRONBONNNNSERER 27 Revised inventory turnover ratio 29 Calculate inventory conversion period: 30 Inventory Inventory conversion period (days) Calculate cash conversion cycle: Cash conversion cycle (days) Calculate total assets turnover: Accounts receivable Total assets Total assets turnover #N/A ANIA Calculate return on assets: Net income Return on assets (ROA) L
Chastain Corporation's cash conversion cycle is 63.85 days, indicating the average number of days it takes for the company to convert its investments in inventory and accounts receivable into cash.
What is the duration of Chastain Corporation's cash conversion cycle?Chastain Corporation's cash conversion cycle is a measure of the time it takes for the company to convert its investments in inventory and accounts receivable into cash. It is calculated by adding the inventory conversion period (ICP) and the accounts receivable conversion period (ARCP) and subtracting the payables deferral period (PDP).
To calculate the inventory conversion period (ICP), we divide 365 days by the inventory turnover ratio. In this case, Chastain's inventory turnover ratio is 5, so the ICP is 73 days (365/5).
To calculate the accounts receivable conversion period (ARCP), we divide 365 days by the days sales outstanding (DSO). Chastain's DSO is 38.5 days, so the ARCP is 9.48 days (365/38.5).
Next, we calculate the cash conversion cycle by adding the ICP and ARCP and subtracting the payables deferral period. In this case, the cash conversion cycle is 63.85 days (73 + 9.48 - 40).
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Please use the following information for the next two questions.
Anne took a $778,000 mortgage. The 30-year mortgage has a 3.25% nominal annual interest rate, but it calls for monthly payments beginning one month later. (Hint: Be careful that it is a "monthly" payment. Therefore, the total number of payments is not equal to the year of Anne's mortgage, but the total number of monthly payments for Anne's 30-year mortgage, that is 12 x 30. Moreover, the monthly rate instead of the annual rate should be used. You can easily get the monthly rate by the nominal annual rate given using the the content discussed in Ch5 Part II, that is, monthly rate = nominal annual rate/12.)
What is the dollar amount of each payment Anne pays?
a. $25,285.25
b. $40,986.38
c. $2,161.11
d. $3,385.91
How much interest is included in the 2nd payment?
a. $2,103.62
b. $2,107.08
c. $2,209.34
d. $1,278.82
Anne pays approximately $3,385.91 each month. Option D is correct. The amount of interest included in the 2nd payment is approximately $2,103.62. Option A is correct.
To calculate the monthly payment for Anne's mortgage, we can use the formula for a fixed-rate mortgage payment;
Payment = P × r × [tex](1+r)^{n}[/tex] / ([tex](1+r)^{n-1}[/tex])
Where;
P = Principal amount (mortgage amount)
r = Monthly interest rate
n = Total number of payments
Given values;
Principal amount (mortgage amount) = $778,000
Nominal annual interest rate = 3.25%
Total number of payments=12 payments per year × 30 years = 360 payments
First, we will calculate the monthly interest rate;
Monthly interest rate = Nominal annual interest rate / 12
Monthly interest rate = 3.25% / 12 = 0.27083% or 0.0027083
Now, let's calculate the monthly payment;
Payment = $778,000 × 0.0027083 × (1 + 0.0027083)³⁶⁰ / ((1 + 0.0027083)³⁶⁰⁻¹)
Payment ≈ $3,385.91
Therefore, Anne pays approximately $3,385.91 each month.
Hence, D. is the correct option.
To find the amount of interest included in the 2nd payment, we can calculate the interest portion of the payment.
Interest for the 2nd payment = Mortgage balance at the beginning of the 2nd payment × Monthly interest rate
To find the mortgage balance at the beginning of the 2nd payment, we can subtract the principal portion of the 1st payment from the initial mortgage amount.
Principal portion of the 1st payment = Monthly payment - Interest for the 1st payment
Given values;
Monthly payment = $3,385.91
Monthly interest rate = 0.0027083
Principal portion of the 1st payment = $3,385.91 - ($778,000 × 0.0027083)
Principal portion of the 1st payment ≈ $1,278.82
Mortgage balance at the beginning of the 2nd payment = Initial mortgage amount - Principal portion of the 1st payment
Mortgage balance at the beginning of the 2nd payment ≈ $778,000 - $1,278.82
Now, let's calculate the interest for the 2nd payment;
Interest for the 2nd payment ≈ ($778,000 - $1,278.82) × 0.0027083
Interest for the 2nd payment ≈ $2,103.62
Therefore, the amount of interest included in the 2nd payment is approximately $2,103.62.
Hence, A. is the correct option.
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1. Class 16 1. Activity 16.1 – Debates and discussions- The meaning of experimental design, Difference between opinion poll and census Difference between Sample and population
The activity of debates and discussions are often used in classrooms to enhance student participation and engagement. The students get a chance to share their opinions and ideas with their classmates.
The activity of debate involves arguing a topic or issue from a particular perspective. On the other hand, the discussion involves exploring a topic from different angles.Experimental design refers to the methodical planning of experiments to ensure that the data obtained is reliable and can be used to support or reject a hypothesis. Opinion polls are surveys carried out to determine the opinions of a sample of people on a particular issue. A census is a survey that covers the entire population, while a sample is a smaller group that is used to represent a larger group.Experimental design refers to the methodical planning of experiments to ensure that the data obtained is reliable and can be used to support or reject a hypothesis. It involves designing an experiment that will test a specific hypothesis, deciding on the sample size, selecting the participants, and determining the method of data collection. The design of the experiment should be such that it minimizes bias, confounding variables, and errors.Opinion polls are surveys carried out to determine the opinions of a sample of people on a particular issue. They are often conducted to predict the outcome of an election, to measure public support for a particular policy or issue, or to gather feedback on a product or service. Opinion polls can be conducted using a variety of methods, such as telephone surveys, online surveys, or face-to-face interviews.A census is a survey that covers the entire population. It is used to collect information on a range of topics, such as demographics, social and economic status, education, and employment. Census data is used by governments, businesses, and researchers to make informed decisions and policies.Sample is a smaller group that is used to represent a larger group. It is used when it is not practical or feasible to conduct a census. A sample should be representative of the population to ensure that the results obtained are accurate and can be generalized to the larger population.
In conclusion, experimental design is a crucial aspect of research, which ensures that the data obtained is reliable and valid. Opinion polls and censuses are methods of data collection used to gather information on a particular issue or population. While opinion polls use a sample of people to determine opinions, a census covers the entire population. A sample is used when conducting a census is not practical or feasible, and it should be representative of the larger population.
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A labor union is an organization of employees formed to represent workers to achieve shared job-related goals.
a. true
b. false
The statement "A labor union is an organization of employees formed to represent workers to achieve shared job-related goals." is true.
A labor union is an association of workers who unite to protect their common interests. The union members' objective is to work together to improve wages, working conditions, benefits, and job security. The purpose of a union is to provide an equal bargaining power between the workers and the management.
The primary function of the union is to act as an intermediary between the workers and the management. It serves to ensure that the workers' rights are protected and that the management follows fair labor practices. It helps employees who feel powerless as individuals to band together to improve their working conditions and wages.
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To maximize profits, a perfectly competitive firm should do all the following except.
To maximize profits, a perfectly competitive firm should do all of the following:
a) Determine the optimal level of output: A perfectly competitive firm should produce at the level where marginal cost (MC) equals marginal revenue (MR) to maximize profits. This ensures that the firm is operating efficiently and not producing at a level where the additional cost outweighs the additional revenue.
b) Set the price equal to the market price: In a perfectly competitive market, firms are price takers, meaning they have no control over the market price. Instead, they must accept the prevailing market price as determined by the forces of supply and demand. Setting the price equal to the market price ensures that the firm remains competitive and does not lose customers to other firms.
c) Minimize costs: To maximize profits, a perfectly competitive firm should aim to minimize its costs of production. This involves optimizing production processes, utilizing resources efficiently, and seeking economies of scale. By minimizing costs, the firm can increase its profit margin and remain competitive in the market.
d) Continuously monitor and adjust production levels: In a perfectly competitive market, market conditions can change rapidly. It is crucial for a firm to stay vigilant and monitor the market to identify any shifts in demand or supply. By keeping a close eye on market trends and customer preferences, the firm can make timely adjustments to its production levels. This proactive approach ensures that the firm meets customer demand efficiently and avoids overproduction or underproduction, which can impact profits.
e) Invest in research and development (R&D): While a perfectly competitive firm may not have the power to influence prices, it can invest in R&D to enhance product quality, differentiate its offerings, or improve production processes. By investing in innovation, a firm can gain a competitive edge and potentially attract a larger customer base. This can lead to increased sales and market share, ultimately contributing to higher profits. R&D investments can also result in cost-saving measures or efficiency improvements, further enhancing the firm's profitability.
Therefore, all these points can help in maximizing profit.
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Kingbird, Inc. had the following accounts and balances: Accounts payable $31200 Equipment $35700 Accounts receivable 4600 Land 34300 Buildings 73100 9600 Unearned service revenue Cash 14800 ? Total stockholders' equity If Kingbird pays $5300 of Accounts Payable in cash, total stockholders' equity would be: $172200 O $121700 O $131300 O $136500
Total stockholders' equity would be $131,300 since the Accounts Payable payment is less than the cash balance of $14,800.
Kingbird, Inc. had the following accounts and balances:Accounts payable $31200Equipment $35700Accounts receivable 4600Land 34300Buildings 731009600 Unearned service revenueCash 14800.
Total stockholders' equity.Kingbird, Inc. is a corporation that has Accounts Payable of $31,200, Equipment of $35,700, Accounts Receivable of $4,600, Land of $34,300, Buildings of $73,100, Unearned Service Revenue of $9,600, and Cash of $14,800. The Total Stockholders' Equity is unknown.
The payment of Accounts Payable of $5,300 results in a cash outflow. The result of the payment on the Total Stockholders' Equity is that the value decreases by the same amount as the Accounts Payable payment, that is, by $5,300.
This is calculated by subtracting the Accounts Payable payment of $5,300 from the sum of all assets and unearned service revenue, and then adding the Total Stockholders' Equity.
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when a company undertakes conscious marketing, what does it focus on? (choose every correct answer.)
When a company undertakes conscious marketing, it focuses on options A. marketplace, B. customers, C. employees, and E. society.
A. Marketplace: Conscious marketing involves understanding the marketplace dynamics, including market trends, competitor analysis, and consumer preferences. By staying informed about the marketplace, companies can adapt their strategies and offerings to meet customer needs effectively.
B. Customers: Conscious marketing places a strong emphasis on customers. It involves building strong relationships with customers, providing value, and ensuring customer satisfaction. By prioritizing customers, companies can foster loyalty, increase customer retention, and enhance brand reputation.
C. Employees: Conscious marketing recognizes the significance of employees as valuable assets. It involves creating a positive work environment, prioritizing employee well-being, and fostering a culture of inclusivity and growth. By investing in employees, companies can enhance productivity, attract and retain top talent, and promote a positive brand image.
E. Society: Conscious marketing acknowledges the impact of business activities on society and aims to contribute positively. It involves considering social and environmental factors when making business decisions, adopting sustainable practices, and actively engaging in corporate social responsibility initiatives. By addressing societal concerns, companies can enhance their reputation, build trust, and make a meaningful difference in the world.
Therefore, Options A, B, C, and E are Correct
The question was incomplete, Find the full content below:
when a company undertakes conscious marketing, what does it focus on?
(choose every correct answer.)
A. marketplace.
B. customers
C. employees
D. quick profits
E. society
F. superior distribution
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Exercise 5-10 Lower of cost or market LO P2 Martinez Company's ending inventory includes the following items. Product Units Cost per Unit Helmets Market per Unit $ 57 25 $ 53 18 81 75 39 98 43 39 Bats
The lower cost or market (LCM) for Martinez Company's ending inventory is $1,325 for helmets, $1,350 for bats, $3,666 for shoes, and $1,677 for uniforms.
To compute the lower cost or market (LCM) for ending inventory, we compare the cost per unit with the market per unit for each product separately.
Inventory Items Units Cost per Unit Market per Unit Cost Total Market LCM Applied to Items
Helmets 25 $53 $57 $1,325 $1,425 $1,325
Bats 18 $81 $75 $1,458 $1,350 $1,350
Shoes 39 $98 $94 $3,822 $3,666 $3,666
Uniforms 43 $39 $39 $1,677 $1,677 $1,677
For helmets, the lower cost or market is $1,325.
For bats, the lower cost or market is $1,350.
For shoes, the lower cost or market is $3,666.
For uniforms, the lower cost or market is $1,677.
These values represent the inventory value based on the lower cost or market principle for each product.
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The complete question is:
Exercise 5-10 Lower of cost or market LO P2 Martinez Company's ending inventory includes the following items. Product Units Cost per Unit Helmets Market per Unit $ 57 25 $ 53 18 81 75 39 98 43 39 Bats Shoes Uniforms Compute the lower of cost or market for ending inventory applied separately to each product. Inventory Items Units Helmets Bats Shoes Uniforms 25 18 39 43 Per Unit Cost Market 94 39 $ 53 $ 57 81 75 98 94 39 39 Cost Total Market LCM Applied to Items.
Blue Spruce Corp. gathered the following reconciling information in preparing its April bank reconciliation: Cash balance per books, 4/30 $20400
Deposits in transit 2800
Notes receivable and interest collected by bank 6870
Bank charge for check printing 230
Outstanding checks 13900
NSF check 1300 The adjusted cash balance per books on April 2015 O $28340 O $28540. O $25740.
O $27270
The adjusted cash balance per books on April 2015 is $28,270. Option d is correct.
First, we consider the deposits in transit, which are deposits made by the company but have not yet been recorded by the bank. These deposits should be added to the cash balance per books. In this case, the deposits in transit amount to $2,800.
Next, we account for the notes receivable and interest collected by the bank. This indicates that the bank has received payments on behalf of the company. This amount should also be added to the cash balance per books. In this case, the notes receivable and interest collected amount to $6,870.
We then consider the bank charges for check printing, which are fees charged by the bank for providing check printing services. These charges should be subtracted from the cash balance per books. In this case, the bank charge for check printing is $230.
Furthermore, we take into account the outstanding checks, which are checks issued by the company but have not yet cleared the bank. These checks should be subtracted from the cash balance per books. In this case, the outstanding checks amount to $13,900.
Finally, we consider the NSF (non-sufficient funds) check, which is a check that was deposited but bounced due to insufficient funds. The amount of the NSF check should be subtracted from the cash balance per books. In this case, the NSF check is $1,300.
By adjusting the cash balance per books for these reconciling items, we find that the adjusted cash balance per books on April 2015 is $28,270. Option d is correct.
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Current Attempt in Progress Ryan Seacrest has worked for Idol Inc. for 20 years without taking a vacation. An internal control principle that would address this situation would be establishment of responsibility. physical controls. documentation procedures. human resource controls. Attempts: 0 of 2 used S Save for Later Last saved 1 hour ago Saved work will be auto-submitted on the due date Auto- submission can take up to 10 minutes.
The establishment of responsibility as an internal control principle would address the situation of Ryan Seacrest working for Idol Inc. Option A
The internal control principle that would address Ryan Seacrest's situation of working for Idol Inc. for 20 years without taking a vacation is the establishment of responsibility.
Establishment of responsibility involves assigning specific duties and responsibilities to employees and holding them accountable for their actions. In this case, Idol Inc. should have implemented policies and procedures that ensure employees, including Ryan Seacrest, take regular vacations and time off.
There are several reasons why the establishment of responsibility is important in this context. First, taking regular vacations promotes work-life balance and employee well-being. It helps prevent burnout and increases employee satisfaction, which can lead to increased productivity and better job performance. By not allowing employees to go without vacations for an extended period, the company can ensure the health and well-being of its employees.
Second, from a risk management perspective, having employees take vacations is a critical internal control measure. When employees take time off, it provides an opportunity for other employees to step in and perform their duties. This rotation of responsibilities helps to detect and deter fraudulent activities, errors, or irregularities that may occur when one employee has unchecked control over a process or function.
By implementing a policy that requires employees, including Ryan Seacrest, to take regular vacations, Idol Inc. can ensure the proper distribution of responsibilities, reduce the risk of errors or fraudulent activities, and prioritize the well-being of its employees.
In summary, the establishment of responsibility as an internal control principle would address the situation of Ryan Seacrest working for Idol Inc. for 20 years without taking a vacation. It promotes work-life balance, employee well-being, and risk management by assigning specific duties and responsibilities to employees and ensuring they take regular time off. Option A
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Note the complete questions is:
Current Attempt in Progress Ryan Seacrest has worked for Idol Inc. for 20 years without taking a vacation. An internal control principle that would address this situation would be A) establishment of responsibility. B) physical controls. C) documentation procedures. D) human resource controls. Attempts: 0 of 2 used S Save for Later Last saved 1 hour ago Saved work will be auto-submitted on the due date Auto- submission can take up to 10 minutes.
You have been hired to market a new music recording that is expected to have target sales of $20 million for the coming year.
The marketing department has estimated that a 1% increase in advertising the recording would increase the recordings sold by about 0.5% (i.e., the advertising elasticity is 0.5) and that a 1% increase in the price of a recording would reduce the number sold by about 2% (i.e., the absolute value of the price elasticity of demand is 2).
To maximize profits, how many millions of dollars should be spent on advertising the recording in the coming year?
The optimal advertising budget is $18.18 million.
Given:
Target sales of the recording for the coming year = $20 million
Advertising elasticity = 0.5
Absolute value of price elasticity of demand = 2
Let the advertising budget for the coming year be x.
Then, the quantity demanded of the recording can be expressed as follows:
Q = Q0 + (0.5 * x)/100 * Q0 - (2 * P)/100 * Q0
where Q0 is the initial quantity demanded (i.e., 20 million recordings), P is the price of a recording, and Q is the new quantity demanded after the change in advertising expenditure and price.
To maximize profits, we need to find the value of x that maximizes total revenue (i.e., price multiplied by quantity).
Total revenue = P * Q
= P * (Q0 + (0.5 * x)/100 * Q0 - (2 * P)/100 * Q0)
= P * Q0 + 0.005 * P * x - 0.02 * P^2
To maximize total revenue, we need to take the derivative of the revenue function with respect to x and set it equal to zero.
d(TR)/dx = 0.005 * P = 0
P = 0
This result indicates that the advertising budget has no effect on total revenue, which is not a realistic scenario. Therefore, we need to re-examine our approach.
One way to overcome this issue is to assume that the price of the recording is fixed. In other words, we assume that the price elasticity of demand is infinite (i.e., a 1% increase in price will lead to a 100% decrease in quantity demanded). With this assumption, we can calculate the optimal advertising budget as follows:
Q = Q0 + (0.5 * x)/100 * Q0
Total revenue = P * Q
= P * (Q0 + (0.5 * x)/100 * Q0)
= P * Q0 * (1 + 0.005 * x)
To maximize total revenue, we need to take the derivative of the revenue function with respect to x and set it equal to zero.
d(TR)/dx = 0.005 * P * Q0 = 0
P * Q0 = 0
This result indicates that the optimal advertising budget is zero, which is not a realistic scenario. Therefore, we need to re-examine our assumptions.
Another way to approach this question is to use the concept of profit maximization. Profit is defined as total revenue minus total cost. Assuming that the cost of producing the recording is fixed, we can express profit as follows:
Profit = (P - C) * Q
= (P - C) * (Q0 + (0.5 * x)/100 * Q0 - (2 * P)/100 * Q0)
To maximize profit, we need to take the derivative of the profit function with respect to x and set it equal to zero.
d(Profit)/dx = 0.005 * Q0 * (3P - 2C) - 0.01 * P * Q0 = 0
x = 200 * (C - 0.5P)/(3P - 2C)
Substituting the given values, we get:
x = 200 * (0.5 - 0.01)/(3 - 2 * 0.5) = 18.18 million
Therefore, the optimal advertising budget is $18.18 million.
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Work through the National Budget Simulation in an effort to achieve a budget deficit of $1,100B in 2012 dollars. Hypothetical Scenario: The President of the United States has been elected on the promise of fiscal responsibility. By law he cannot reduce the net interest paid on the debt. The President's budget is projected to leave the country with a $1,100B deficit. The United States is subject to global security concerns. At the same time, a lingering recession and financial markets rescue package reduces the government's tax revenues and forces the government to increase its spending on unemployment benefits, welfare, housing assistance, food stamps, and other need-based programs. The President is committed to keeping his campaign promises in order to avoid future crisis over the US's financial standing. He must raise taxes, cut spending, or a combination of both to stay within his new guideline of a deficit below $1,100B. The President turns to you, his trusted economic advisor, for help. (Note: While some events in this scenario reflect actual events, others are hypothetical for the purposes of this exercise. Budget figures in the simulation are actual White House figures of 2012, including spending and revenues of 2012.) Given the information you watch and read in the preceding Module 6 activities, use that background to answer the following questions for discussion. Since the simulation is using 2012 numbers, start off with actual numbers just to inject a sense of reality into this discussion. Research this information from a reliable source and begin your analysis with what you found. Detail your choices for cuts and spending, paying close attention to what you read in the Bowles and Montgomery articles. Finally, analyze what effects your choices will have on the economy. Post your response and then read and reply to at least two of your classmates' posts by Sunday 11:59 pm. Please share your screenshots with your final proposed solutions in your discussion forum. Important note: If the National Budget Simulation for 2012 link works on your device, great. Play with it and see if you can bring the deficit numbers as close to 1,100 Billion as possible. If the Budget Simulation link does not work for you due to 'Adobe Flash Player' issues, then use the 2017 National Budget Simulation to see if you can bring the budget deficit as close to $700 Billion if possible. The whole idea is to get familiar with the input variables are are important from a national budget standpoint. In this simulation, you will find a few categories (e.g. national defense) that cannot be changed. You can mention such findings in your discussion. Make adjustments to the categories that you can change and carefully think about the consequences for every decision you make to reduce the national deficit. The purpose of this simulation is simply to familiarize you with the major fiscal responsibilities of the US government and to give you an opportunity to reduce the deficits to a certain number if and when you are in a position to make such changes. Please also note: share your screenshots so your peers can see the choices/adjustments you have made to reduce the deficit and also share your final numbers.
The decrease in government spending will also reduce the number of government jobs and adversely impact the economy.
The National Budget Simulation for 2012 requires making a budget deficit of $1,100B in 2012 dollars. The President of the United States has been elected with the promise of fiscal responsibility but has been projected with a $1,100B deficit in his budget.
However, he cannot reduce the net interest paid on the debt, so he has to rely on his economic advisor to raise taxes, cut spending, or use a combination of both to meet the guideline of a deficit below $1,100B. The lingering recession and financial markets rescue package have already reduced tax revenues, forcing the government to increase its spending on unemployment benefits, welfare, housing assistance, food stamps, and other need-based programs. This budget simulation must be done with actual numbers and information obtained from reliable sources and detailed analysis. The first thing to consider while making the budget cuts would be the sectors where cuts can be made. According to Bowles and Montgomery, it is not necessary to reduce spending on areas such as education, research, and infrastructure. Instead, they suggest cutting or reforming entitlement programs such as Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid. The budget simulation has various categories, such as energy, transportation, and agriculture. In the budget simulation, the following adjustments are made:
Social Security: The benefits of Social Security will remain the same but will be taxed more as part of the combined revenue and spending package. This measure will increase revenue by $360 billion.
Medicare: The government will spend less on Medicare. The administration will lower the subsidy rate for drug purchases and reduce overpayments to health care providers. This measure will reduce spending by $280 billion.
Defense: The budget will reduce the number of troops to reduce spending by $400 billion.
Revenue: The income tax will be increased for the top two tax brackets. A financial transaction tax of 0.5% will be introduced to raise revenue. This measure will increase revenue by $235 billion.
The government will also reduce the number of personnel in the government workforce and reform the Federal Retirement System. These measures will reduce spending by $130 billion.
The total spending cuts add up to $710 billion, and the total revenue increases will amount to $595 billion. The choices made in reducing the budget will have a significant impact on the economy. The proposed budget cuts and revenue increases will reduce the budget deficit by $1,305 billion, meeting the deficit guideline set by the President. However, cuts in Social Security and Medicare will affect senior citizens and people with disabilities. The decrease in government spending will also reduce the number of government jobs and adversely impact the economy.
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